Rayment, M., Pirgmaier, E., De Ceuster, G., Hinterberger, F., Kuik, O., Leveson Gower, H., Polzin, C. & A. Varma (2009)

Executive summary:

The European Union aspires to become the most dynamic and competitive economy in the world. The Lisbon Strategy, launched by EU leaders in 2000 and subsequently revised and simplified in 2005, emphasises the need to modernise Europe’s economy and focus attention on growth and employment, in order to address the challenges of globalisation and demographic change and to support our wider economic, social and environmental goals. To achieve this, the updated strategy emphasises the need for Europe to become a more attractive place to live and work, to develop knowledge and innovation for growth, and to create more and better jobs.

The current global economic crisis represents a significant setback in implementing Europe’s economic agenda, with problems of loss of demand, unemployment and deteriorating public fi-nances. In order to address these economic problems, restore growth and tackle unemployment, a European Economic Recovery Plan (European Commission, 2008) was launched, which sets out the actions the EU will implement to deal with the crisis.

The European Commission (DG Environment) commissioned GHK, IVM, SERI and TML to as-sess the role of environmental policy measures in the EU’s economic development.

This report describes the areas in which environmental policies deliver Europe’s current eco-nomic priorities, often more successfully than other forms of economic policy intervention. It provides evidence of the role of environmental policy both in providing a short term economic stimulus and in building a sustainable, efficient and resilient economy in the long term. It high-lights many areas where environmental policy is essential for sustainable economic progress.

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Stefan Giljum is participating in an international workshop on “Material Use Indicators for Measuring Resource Productivity and Environmental Impacts”, which takes place in Berlin, 25th and 26th of February.

The German government intends to assess the applicability of indicators measuring the use of resources by the German economy. At the workshop, new studies further developing resource use indicators are represented and participants will elaborate suggestions for further use and development of these indicators. The results of the workshop will improve the existing monitoring of progress towards sustainability in pursuit of the German national strategy for sustainable development, in particular regarding the objective to increase the raw material productivity of the German economy.

Giljum, S., Lutz, C. & Polzin, C. (2010)

European production and consumption activities are increasingly dependent on material and energy resources from abroad and imply significant economic and environmental consequences in other regions around the world. While the overall level of resource use in Europe has stabilised over the past 20 years, the source of these resources has shifted abroad. Altogether, around one third of material and energy resources used by Europe are imported. This substitution of domestic material extraction through international trade of physical imports has also shifted part of Europe’s environmental burden abroad and extends the responsibility for environmental as well as social impacts from the local to the global level. The reserves of the most important resources, especially fossil fuels and metal ores, are located outside of Europe, causing a critical dependence of Europe on other countries and regions. For example, the EU-27 countries only possess 3% of global iron ore reserves, 1% of global oil reserves, and 1% of global uranium reserves. Consequently, for many rare metal ores a very high dependency on imports can be observed. For platinum and tantalum the import rate is 100%, for iron ores 83%, and for bauxite 74%.

In light of Europe’s high and growing dependence on resource imports, the European Union has taken a number of policy measures to address resource security and productivity as well as related environmental concerns. They all highlight access to resources and resource security as key issues for the future success of the European economy. Recognising the impacts that the production and consumption activities within the EU have on other world regions, the European Commission has called for a more sustainable management of natural resources along with a de-coupling of resource consumption and related negative environmental impacts from economic growth in Europe. This strategy should diminish the environmental impact the Union has on the rest of the world and thus contribute to global sustainable development.

With resource security, efficiency and related environmental concerns high on the EU’s agenda, environmental tax reform (ETR) and other market-based instruments to stimulate sustainable and responsible production and consumption have gained widespread interest because they can help address social (mainly employment) and environmental goals.

This paper builds on the results of the project “Resource Productivity, Environmental Tax Reform and Sustainable Growth in Europe” (PETRE), funded by the Anglo-German Foundation. The project aimed at investigating the major economic and environmental implications of improved resource productivity and environmental tax reform (ETR) at different levels, both within the EU and in the global economy. The paper discusses some of the main results of the investigation on the global dimensions of sustainable growth in Europe. The main research questions which guided this analysis included:

• What are the global consequences of the implementation of an ETR (and thus resource productivity increases) in Europe in terms of world-wide patterns of natural resource extraction, production, trade and consumption?
• What are the differences between a business-as-usual scenario, a unilateral EU ETR scenario, and a European ETR in combination with wider commitments to emission reductions in other developed countries and economically more advanced developing countries?
• Which European industries would be most negatively affected in their international competitiveness by the implementation of an ETR in Europe?
• What are the policy implications of the global effects of an ETR?

The relevance of these questions is underlined by the current discussions at international climate conferences about the impacts of unilateral vs. multilateral policy strategies and on the precise interpretation of ‘common but differentiated responsibilities’, a principle agreed to in the Kyoto Protocol. This paper contributes to the discussion on the roles of the industrialised, emerging and developing countries in dealing with climate change and, more precisely, on the policy impacts of EU vs. international environmental tax reforms.

The main policy conclusion from this paper is that strong concerted action from the EU and emerging countries is needed in order to slow the current growth rate of global CO2 emissions and resource use in order to achieve more environmentally sustainable economic growth.

The paper is structured as follows: Section 2 provides a description of the Global Inter-industry Forecasting System (GINFORS), the integrated simulation model which was used to simulate the scenarios and analyse current and future economic and environmental indicators. Section 3 describes the scenarios. Detailed results are presented and discussed in Section 4. Policy conclusions are derived in Section 5. Section 6 concludes.

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SERI is core partner in the “Eco-Innovation Observatory”, a major, 3-year project funded by DG Environment of the EU Commission.

The Eco-Innovation Observatory will support the implementation of various EU activities, such as the Europe INNOVA Eco-Innovation platform and the Environmental Technologies Action Plan (ETAP). Among other outputs, the Observatory will produce thematic and country reports on new markets and comparisons of barriers and drivers to eco-innovation and flagship annual reports on eco-innovation in Europe.

SERI is leading the work on “data collection and analysis”, where we will build a comprehensive data base with eco-innovation indicators on the product, the sectoral and the country level. With a selection of those indicators, SERI will construct an innovative “Eco-Innovation Scoreboard”, which will allow cross-country comparison of the eco-innovation performance in different EU countries.

For more information on this new project click here.

We are pleased to recommend two jointly organized meetings of International Society for Industrial Ecology (ISIE) in Tokyo in November 2010:

1. ISIE Asia-Pacific Meeting “Strengthening industrial ecology for the Asia-Pacific region”

2. ISIE MFA-ConAccount Meeting “Material Flow Analysis (MFA) for the future”

- Date: 7-9 November 2010

- Location: Tokyo, Japan

- Deadline of abstract submission: 31 May 2010.

For more details, please visit meetings’ website: www.isieapmfa.info/index.html

This entry is available in German here.

Giljum, S., Burger, E., Hinterberger, F. & Lutter, S.

Due to growth of world population, continued high levels of consumption in the developed world, combined with the rapid industrialisation of countries such as China, India and Brazil, worldwide demand on natural resources and related pressures on the environment are steadily increasing. Renewable resources, and the ecological services they provide, are at great risk of degradation and collapse. The depletion of these ecological assets is serious, as human society is embedded within the biosphere and depends on ecosystems for a steady supply of the basic requirements for life: food, water, energy, fibres, waste sinks, and other services. At the same time, extraction of many non-renewable resources is already reaching or near a peak; some authors even describe today’s situation as “peak everything”.

Since the mid-1980s, a certain type of environmental problem became increasingly important, associated with global changes in production, trade and consumption patterns. These problems are more difficult to address, as they are complex, international or even global in scope, and involve multi-dimensional cause-effect-impact relationships and time-lags. Issues such as climate change, loss of biodiversity, land cover conversion and high levels of energy and resource consumption are part of this new type of environmental problems. These problems are more closely related to the overall volume (or scale) of economic activities than a result of the specific potential for environmental harm of single substances. As evidence illustrates, Europe has performed much worse in this regard: many species are threatened by extinction, fish stocks are depleted, water reserves shrink, overall waste volumes have been growing, urban sprawl transforms fertile land into sealed areas, valuable soil is lost through erosion, energy consumption grows, and Europe is far away from achieving a significant reduction in greenhouse gas emissions (GHGs).

Given this serious situation, it is necessary to develop systems which measure resource use as well as its environmental, economic, and social impacts through appropriate indicators. What is not measured often gets ignored in policy processes. While standards for measuring greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) have been developed within the UN framework convention on climate change (UNFCCC), such standards on the international level are only beginning to be introduced for the issue of measuring resource use.

Based on a review of existing resource use indicators, this paper suggests a consistent and comprehensive set of resource use indicators. The indicator set comprises the resource input categories of abiotic and biotic materials, water, and land area and considers greenhouse gas emissions as the most important output stemming from natural resource use.

This set of indicators can be applied on all levels of economic activity: from the micro level of products and enterprises, via the meso level of economic sectors to the macro level of countries and world regions. The suggested set of indicators can be regarded as the general indicator framework, based on which more specific indicators (for example, on different environmental impacts) can be calculated.

The paper is structured as follows. Section 2 illustrates the links between different types of natural resource use and various environmental problems stemming from resource use. Section 3 lists criteria for the identification of resource indicator sets. In section 4 we briefly review existing resource use indicators and illustrate their interrelations, in particular, how different categories of resource use are considered in the various indicators. Section 5 provides the suggestion of the resource indicator set, explains the reasons for selecting these indicators and describes, how this indicator set should be applied in practice. Section 6 concludes.

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The European Commission has repeatedly underlined the need to respect the limits of the planet’s natural resources, including the capacity to provide renewable resources and absorb pollutants. So where are the “danger zones” before the tipping points (thresholds) that lead to potential long-term or irreversible consequences? While numerous indicators of sustainability exist, very few of them suggest or monitor threshold phenomena.

In a consortium with the Ecologic Institute (Berlin) and the Institute for Environmental Studies of the University Amsterdam, SERI is doing a study to help the European Commission (DG Environment) identify a set of thresholds as well as specific indicators useful for monitoring unsustainable trends caused by human activity that could lead to tipping-point phenomena.

www.seri.at/thresholds

Just recently FEEM (Fondazione Eni Enrico Mattei), project leader of the EU FP6 project EXIOPOL published the call for application to the EXIOPOL Summer School on Environmental Accounting: Externality Valuation and Input-Tools for Policy Analysis, 11-17 July 2010, Venice, Italy. The Summer School is targeted to postgraduate students.

CALL FOR APPLICATIONS EXIOPOL SUMMER SCHOOL on Environmental Accounting: Externality Valuation and Input-Output Tools for Policy Analysis

Venice, July 11th – 17th, 2010

http://www.feem-project.net/exiopol/

Deadline for applications: April 1st, 2010

The 2010 Exiopol Summer School will take place from the 11th to the 17th of July at the VIU campus on the Island of San Servolo, in Venice, located just in front of St. Mark’ Square. The theme of this Summer School is “Environmental accounting: externality valuation and Input-Output tools for policy analysis“.
Policy makers are increasingly searching for tools that allow them to address economic, social and environmental problems in an integrated framework, consistent with a sustainable development framework which is driving much of the thinking of public policy. At the micro level researchers employ valuation methods to develop estimates of the value of environmental goods and services, so that decisions in this domain can be informed by the costs and benefits of environmental changes. But many policy decisions need to be taken not at the micro level of the plant or local community, but at the level of the state, region or even the Union. While there are many tools for making such decisions in the economic sphere, including the use of input-output matrices, the same is not true for the environmental sphere. The ‘scaling up’ from the micro to the macro is being addressed by the FP6 EXIOPOL Integrated Project. Taking advantage of the research experience of this IP, the Summer School, presents and discusses the up-to-date bottom-up externality valuation methods and top-down Environmentally Extended Input Output tools. .

FACULTY and LECTURE TOPICS

Prof. Tim Taylor, University of Bath, UK
Methodological advances in exernality valuation.

Prof. Stale Navrud, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Norway
A value transfer protocol and comparison of value transfer techniques for biodiversity/ecosystem services valuation.

Prof. Paulo A.L.D. Nunes, Ca’ Foscari University of Venice and Fondazione Eni Enrico Mattei, Italy
The economic valuation of biodiversity and ecosystem services.

Dr. Mikael Skou Andersen, NERI, Aarhus University, Denmark or Rainer Friedrich, University of Stuttgart, Germany
Impact pathway methods and application to agriculture and health risks valuation.

Dr. Arnold Tukker, TNO Built Environment and Geosciences, Innovation and Environment, The Netherlands
Introduction to EE IO.

Dr. Reinout Heijungs or Ir. Arjan de Koning, Institute of Environmental Science (CML), University of Leiden, The Netherlands
Relation between LCA, SFA, EE IO and impact assessment methods.

Dr. Frederik Neuwahl, European Commission – Joint Research Centre, Institute for Prospective Technological Studies (IPTS), Spain
Examples of uses of EE IO with hands-on exercises.

Prof. Jan Oosterhaven or Dr. Dirk Stelder, Univeristy of Groningen, The Netherlands
Multi-regional EE IO / EE IO and and trade with various examples a.o. using the IRIOS software.

ADMISSION AND SCHOLARSHIPS

The Summer School is targeted to postgraduate students. Admission is conditional on the presentation by each student of his/her doctoral work; therefore PhD students who want to apply normally need to be advanced in their PhD to have produced at least one substantive chapter, but not to have completely finished their thesis.
Given the highly interactive activities planned at the Summer School, the number of participants is limited to 20. There is no participation fee. All applicants can apply for a scholarship.

For further information on application and funding please access the EXIOPOL Summer School Website at: http://www.feem-project.net/exiopol/scheda.php?ids=45 or contact the Summer School Secretariat.

Summer School Secretariat
Ms. Angela Marigo and Ms. Ughetta Molin Fop
Fondazione Eni Enrico Mattei
exiopol@feem.it
http://www.feem-project.net/exiopol/

SERI develops water and energy accounting methods for Eurostat

Last week the kickoff meetings for a new project for Eurostat – the Statistical Office of the European Community – were held in Luxembourg and Wiesbaden. SERI is leading a highly qualified consortium working in this 2-years project, providing assistance to the methodological development of water (Activity 1) and energy (Activity 2) accounts. SERI as overall project leader is also leading Activity 1 on water accounts, while the Wuppertal Institute for Climate, Environment and Energy is the leader of Activity 2. Together with Statisitcs Sweden, Statistics Germany and University of Twente, a highly experienced consortium will be working on this project.

The guide, written by six SERI scientists, provides a quick, hands-on overview of selected environmental and social indicators for Civil Society Organisations to measure sustainable consumption and production. Indicators are valuable tools for Civil Society Organisations in order to achieve their targets as they create a sense of precision and attract interest making.

In addition the guide provides examples of how, by means of indicators, Civil Society Organisations can take effective action to encourage more sustainable consumption and production practices.

This booklet “Measuring Performance towards SCP – Types of Indicators and Indicator Sets” has been published under the framework of the project “Action Town – Research and Action for Sustainable Consumption and Production”.

Download the whole paper on indicators and other interesting papers of the Action Town project.

The final report of the INDI-LINK project (Indicator-based evaluation of interlinkages between different sustainable development objectives) has been published by Stefan Giljum and Christine Polzin. The reports shows how the project team developed and improved indicators for sustainable development in the EU and assessed the interlinkages between different priorities of the EU Sustainable Development Strategy (SDS). It also summarises the most important policy conclusions for future sustainable development.

The report shows how nine important indicators of sustainable development can be improved: Vehicle-km, External costs of energy use, Environmentally weighted indicator of material consumption (EMC), Total material consumption and GDP at constant prices, the Biodiversity index, Green public procurement, Administrative cost imposed by legislation, Unmet needs for healthcare, and Child wellbeing.

The reports also provides suggestions for potential sustainable development indicators to monitor 17 emerging policy fields, including the appropriation of ecosystem services, biocultural diversity, global land use of domestic consumption, the dislocation of environmental impacts through international trade, food sovereignty in developing countries, sustainable de-growth and taxes on international financial transactions.

A number of the policy recommendations are summarised. For example, the INDI-LINK team suggests that the renewed EU SDS should help promote economic instruments to counter rebound effects. This may include  environmental taxes and auctioned tradable permits in the framework of environmental tax reform in combination with environmental regulation and subsidies for environmental industries. Environmentally-harmful subsidies should be phased out. Investments are needed for a Green New Deal that promotes the growth of green technology and clean industries that ensure sustainable economic development in the future.

The report can be downloaded here.

For more information on the INDI-LINK project and download of all project reports, please visit the project website at www.indi-link.net.

The ERSCP-EMSU conference 2010 will be held between 25 and 29 October 2010 in Delft, Netherland.

This year the conference focuses on „knowledge collaboration & learning for sustainable innovation“. The conference addresses issues like:

• How to bring about sustainable consumption and system innovations & transitions to sustainability?
• How can higher education facilitate sustainable innovation practices?
• How can we improve exchange and collaboration between practitioners & innovators in society and knowledge suppliers?
• What can and what should be done at the regional level for sustainable innovation?
• What can the North learn from the South with regard to sustainable innovation?

Proposed themes are:

1. Sustainable Universities and Sustainable Higher Education
2. Knowledge Collaboration for Sustainable Innovation, Design, Business and CSR
3. Sustainable Consumption and Production
4. Climate, Energy and Water
5. Sustainable Cities and Regions
6. Sustainable Consumption and Production and Innovation in developing countries

The call for abstracts, special sessions and workshops was launched last month on www.erscp-emsu2010.org/submissions.

Download the conference flyer here.

More information on www.erscp-emsu2010.org

ERSCP: European Roundtable on Sustainable Consumption and Production
EMSU: Environmental Management for Sustainable Universities

This new article, co-authored by Stefan Giljum and published in the Journal of Industrial Ecology, estimates the material flows required along the whole production chains of imports and exports for selected Latin American countries: Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, and Mexico. These indirect material flows (also called “ecological rucksacks”) of imports and exports are calculated as “raw material equivalents”, i.e. each material incorporated in a product (e.g. plastics or steel) is transformed into its equivalent of primary resource extraction (e.g. oil or crude iron ore). Results are set out for the year 2003 for each of the countries and in time series for the years 1977, 1986, 1996, and 2003 in the case of Chile. The findings show that including these indirect material flows is important, when calculating resource use indicators for Latin American countries, which export large amounts of primary commodities. For example in the case of Chile, the trade balance in terms of material flows is almost balanced, when only direct material flows are considered. However, when the ecological rucksacks of the exported products are included in the calculation, the trade balance is clearly negative (i.e. Chile exporting much higher amounts of resources than importing from the rest of the world). The results support SERIs demand to use comprehensive resource use indicators (including ecological rucksacks) to evaluate global resource flows and resource consumption of countries and world regions.

For more information about this article, click here.

In Kopenhagen findet derzeit die Klimakonferenz der Vereinten Nationen statt und die Klimaverhandlungen gehen nun in die entscheidende Phase.

SERI arbeitet in mehreren Projekten an Themen, die dort verhandelt werden. Dazu gehören der Zusammenhang zwischen Klimaveränderung und Lebensqualität, die Beschäftigung mit dem Problem sog. „Klima-MigrantInnen“, die korrekte Zuordnung der CO2-Emissionen auf diejenigen, die die für die Emissionen verantwortlichen Güter letztlich konsumieren oder Vorschläge für eine ökologische Steuerreform. Und Ende der Woche erscheint ein Zeitungskommentar einer von Fritz Hinterberger initiierten Gruppe österreichischer ÖkonomInnen zum Thema Wachstum.

Mit einer Ökologischen Steuerreform kann die EU ihre Klimaziele erreichen

Viel wird in diesen Tagen darüber gesprochen und geschrieben, was Unternehmen, KonsumentInnen und die Verhandler auf dem internationalen Parket in Kopenhagen tun können, um einen positiven Beitrag für die längst überfällige Reduktion von Treibhausgasen zu ermöglichen. Es gibt aber auch durchaus Spielräume für die nationale und Europäische Politik, diese Beiträge zu unterstützen. Im Projekt „Ressourcenproduktivität, ökologische Steuerreform und nachhaltiges Wachstum in Europa“ hat SERI in Zusammenarbeit mit anderen Europäischen Instituten nachgewiesen, dass eine ökologische Steuerreform ein sinnvolles Politikinstrument ist, um die Treibhausgas-Emissionen der EU entsprechend ihrer Ziele bis zum Jahr 2020 zu reduzieren.

Zum Artikel: http://seri.at/economy/2009/12/14/politikvorschlage-fur-kopenhagen-mit-einer-okologischen-steuerreform-kann-die-eu-ihre-klimaziele-erreichen/

„ Lebensklima“

Unsere Lebensstile beeinflussen das Klima. Moderne Lebensstile führen oft zu einem höheren Ressourcen- und Energieverbrauch, und dadurch zu einem höheren Ausstoß an Treibhausgasen. Dieser Prozess verstärkt den Klimawandel.

Das Forschungsprojekt Lebensklima untersucht die Zusammenhänge zwischen „klimaschonendem“ Verhalten und Zufriedenheit bzw. Glück in zwei Fallstudienregionen: Gmunden und Graz.

Unterstützt wird das Projekt von interessierten SchülerInnen, die als InterviewerIn die Gmundner bzw. Grazer BürgerInnen zu ihren Lebensstilen, Einschätzung ihrer Lebensqualität und darüber, wie sie den Klimawandel wahrnehmen, befragen.

Zum Artikel: http://seri.at/energy-and-climate/2009/12/12/mehr-wohlbefinden-und-lebensqualitat-durch-nachhaltige-lebensstile/

Wer trägt die Verantwortung für Treibhausgase – Produzenten oder Konsumenten?

In Kopenhagen wird derzeit darüber verhandelt, wer welchen Beitrag zu einer grundsätzlich von allen für wichtig und richtig befundenen Verringerung der Treibhausgase leisten muss. Eine entscheidende Frage dabei ist: sind diejenigen, die Güter und Dienstleistungen produzieren verantwortlich für die Treibhausgase oder sind es diejenigen, die sie konsumieren. In Zeiten der Globalisierung wird daraus eine Frage internationaler Verhandlungen.

Ende des Jahres erscheint ein neuer Bericht von SERI der die globale Verlagerung von CO2-Emissionen durch den internationalen Handel bestätigt.

Zum Artikel: http://www.esgehtumwas.at/2009/12/11/wer-tragt-die-verantwortung-fur-treibhausgase-produzenten-oder-konsumenten/

EACH- FOR: Gibt es eine „Klima-Migration“?

Das Projekt EACH-FOR (Environmental Change and Forced Migration Scenarios) beschäftigt sich mit Migration in Folge des Klimawandels. Basierend auf 23 Fallstudien, wobei die meisten in Afrika, Asien, Latein Amerika und der Karibik durchgeführt wurden, zeigt das EACH- FOR Projekt eine Reihe komplex zusammenhängender Verkettungen.

Obwohl klar ist, dass der Klimawandel nicht allein der Auslöser für Migration sein kann, so muss doch gesagt werden dass es sich um einen der wichtigsten Auslöser handelt, der direkt oder indirekt auf die Entscheidung zu flüchten Einfluss nehmen kann.

Zum Artikel: http://seri.at/energy-and-climate/2009/12/13/field-research-suggests-that-the-number-of-potential-climate-migrants-may-be-overestimated/

23 ÖkonomInnen zweifeln am “grünen Wachstum”

Eine von Fritz Hinterberger und Nationalbank-Ökonom Andreas Breitenfellner koordinierte Gruppe von Ökonominnen und Ökonomen aus Universitäten, Forschungsinstituten, Ministerien und dem Finanz-Sektor veröffentlicht einen “Kommentar der anderen” in der heutigen Ausgabe der österreichischen Tageszeitung  “Standard“: “Trotz Kopenhagen soll das implizite Wachstumsziel der Lissabon-Strategie der EU weiterhin gelten. Wie soll das gehen?” Fazit: “Wachstum ist ein Teil des Klimaproblems – vielleicht ein lösbarer. Wer aber Wachstum undifferenziert als Lösung anbietet, ist ein Scharlatan.” (DER STANDARD, Printausgabe, 19.12.2009).

Der Artikel ist hier online.

Und wie geht es weiter?

Das Ergebnis von Kopenhagen ist ein Desaster – das sagen sogar die, die es beschlossen haben. Letztlich haben sich die Akteure gegen das Risiko entschieden, den Lauf der Geschichte zu verändern. Das bedeutet nicht nur einen Anstig des Meeresspiegels, sondern vor allem eine dramatische Verschlechterung der Welt-Ernährungssituation und schließlich des Welt-Friedens. Wirtschaftliche Entwicklung, wie wir sie kennen, hängt in erheblichem Ausmaß vom Wirtschaftswachstum ab.  Das war wohl  auch der entscheidende Hemmschuh für die Verhandler in Kopenhagen.  Ist Wirtschaftswachstum also wichtiger als Lebensraum von Millionen und die Ernährung von Milliarden Menschen?

Darum geht es in einem aktuellen Blog-Beitrag von Fritz Hinterberger.